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<h1 class="title" id="leanote-title">双机同步任务操作步骤</h1>
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<div class="content-html" id="leanote-content"><p>注：红色为注释说明的内容，绿色为示例内容，请以项目实际情况修改操作</p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><p>rsync有六种不同的工作模式：</p><p> 1. 拷贝本地文件；当SRC和DES路径信息都不包含有单个冒号":"分隔符时就启动这种工作模式。<br> 2.使用一个远程shell程序（如rsh、ssh）来实现将本地机器的内容拷贝到远程机器。当DST路径地址包含单个冒号":"分隔符时启动该模式。<br> 3.使用一个远程shell程序（如rsh、ssh）来实现将远程机器的内容拷贝到本地机器。当SRC地址路径包含单个冒号":"分隔符时启动该模式。<br> 4. 从远程rsync服务器中拷贝文件到本地机。当SRC路径信息包含"::"分隔符时启动该模式。<br> 5. 从本地机器拷贝文件到远程rsync服务器中。当DST路径信息包含"::"分隔符时启动该模式。<br> 6. 列远程机的文件列表。这类似于rsync传输，不过只要在命令中省略掉本地机信息即可。<br> </p><p> -a 以archive模式操作、复制目录、符号连接 相当于-rlptgoD</p><p> rsync中的参数</p><p> -r 是递归 </p><p> -l 是链接文件，意思是拷贝链接文件；</p><p> -p 表示保持文件原有权限；</p><p> -t 保持文件原有时间；</p><p> -g 保持文件原有用户组；</p><p> -o 保持文件原有属主；</p><p> -D 相当于块设备文件；</p><p> -z 传输时压缩；</p><p> -P 传输进度；</p><p> -v 传输时的进度等信息，和-P有点关系，自己试试。可以看文档；</p><p> -e ssh的参数建立起加密的连接。</p><p> -u只进行更新，防止本地新文件被重写，注意两者机器的时钟的同时</p><p> --progress是指显示出详细的进度情况</p><p> --delete是指如果服务器端删除了这一文件，那么客户端也相应把文件删除，保持真正的一致</p><p> --password-file=/password/path/file来指定密码文件，这样就可以在脚本中使用而无需交互式地输入验证密码了，这里需要注意的是这份密码文件权限属性要设得只有属主可读。</p><p> <br></p><ol><li><strong>安装或更新相关软件包</strong></li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#yum install rsync xinetd –y</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="2"><li><strong>配置<span lang="EN-US">rsync</span></strong><strong>服务端<span lang="EN-US">(</span></strong><strong>提供文件同步的服务器<span lang="EN-US">)</span></strong><strong>，制定提供同步的应用条目信息</strong></li></ol><p><strong><span lang="EN-US"> </span></strong></p><ol><li>配置文件实例如下</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#cat /etc/rsyncd.conf</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">uid = root</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">gid = root</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">use chroot = no</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">max connections = 100</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">timeout = 600</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>以上为全局配置，下面为一个条目，可根据需求添加多个条目</p><p><span lang="EN-US">[tomcat_project]</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">path = /opt/appl/ project/</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>应用用户组<span lang="EN-US">id,</span>和用户<span lang="EN-US">id</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">uid = 1501</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">gid = 1500</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">read only = yes</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">list = yes</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>允许使用该条目进行同步的主机地址，加入备机和预生产主机地址</p><p><span lang="EN-US">hosts allow = 172.16.0.101,172.26.0.100 </span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">auth users = rsync</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.pwd</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="2"><li>增加<span lang="EN-US">Rsync</span>同步认证文件</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#cat /etc/rsyncd.pwd</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">rsync:123456</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="3"><li>配置服务启动管理项</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">##cat /etc/xinetd.d/rsync</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">service rsync</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>把这里的<span lang="EN-US">yes </span>改为<span lang="EN-US"> no</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">disable = no</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">flags = IPv6</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">socket_type = stream</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">wait = no</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">user = root</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">server = /usr/bin/rsync</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">server_args = --daemon</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">log_on_failure += USERID</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">}</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>启动<span lang="EN-US">rsync</span>服务</p><p><span lang="EN-US">#service xinetd start</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>验证是否启动成功</p><p><span lang="EN-US">#netstat –anptl | grep 873</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="4"><li>防火墙放行<span lang="EN-US">rsync</span>服务端口</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 873 -j ACCEPT </span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>在<span lang="EN-US">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</span>加入以上行</p><p><span lang="EN-US">#service iptables restart</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="3"><li>系统执行过<span lang="EN-US">setup</span>脚本，默认是限制远程访问，这里需要开放客户端（同步端）的地址</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#cat >> /etc/hosts.allow <<EOF</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>这里的地址是同步端的</p><p><span lang="EN-US">rsync:172.16.0.101:allow</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">EOF</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="4"><li>客户端（同步端）配置</li><li>创建同步脚本放置目录</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#mkdir -p /opt/appl/assist/rsync</span></p><ol start="2"><li>创建脚本生成日志文件的放置目录</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#mkdir –p /var/log/rsync</span></p><ol start="3"><li>在脚本放置目录下创建如下脚本</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#cat rsync-172.16.0.100_project.sh</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">#!/bin/sh</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">LOG_FILE=/var/log/rsync/rsync_172.16.0.100_project_$(date +%Y-%m-%d)</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">loginfo()</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">echo "$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M") [ANIHC SAYS] $1" >>$LOG_FILE</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">}</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##For project</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">loginfo "==========Synchronizing=========="</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">loginfo "Source directory project..."</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">loginfo "Destination directory is /opt/appl/project"</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">/usr/bin/rsync -arP --delete --exclude-from=/opt/appl/assist/rsync/exclude_list_project --password-file=/etc/rsyncd.pwd_project rsync@172.16.0.100::tomcat_project /opt/appl/project >>$LOG_FILE</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">loginfo "==========Synchronization done.=========="</span></p><ol start="4"><li>创建<span lang="EN-US">rsync</span>用户认证文件</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#cat /etc/rsyncd.pwd_project</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>这里的密码和服务端的<span lang="EN-US">/etc/rsyncd.pwd</span>中的密码一样</p><p><span lang="EN-US">123456</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="5"><li>创建同步排除文件</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">##cat /opt/appl/assist/rsync/exclude_list_project</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.gz</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.tgz</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.zip</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.log</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.out</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.bak</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">*.tmp</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">log/*</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">logs/*</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">tmp/*</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">temp/*</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>以上均为常规性同步排除，可以添加指定行排除文件</p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="6"><li>测试脚本是否可以成功同步</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#cd /opt/appl/assist/rsync</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>后台执行脚本，并重定向输出到<span lang="EN-US">nohup.out</span>文件</p><p><span lang="EN-US">#nohup ./ rsync-172.16.0.100_project.sh &</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">##</span>执行后检查<span lang="EN-US">/opt/appl </span>目录下是否已经有<span lang="EN-US">project</span>同步过来，如果没有查看<span lang="EN-US">nohup.out</span>定位错误</p><p><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><ol start="7"><li>如果脚本执行成功，添加定时任务</li></ol><p><span lang="EN-US">#crontab –l</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">00 01</span><span lang="EN-US"> * * * /opt/appl/assist/rsync/rsync-172.16.0.100_project.sh > /dev/null 2>&1</span></p></div>
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