173 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
173 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
# 归档
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## 关闭归档
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```sql
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archive log list; #查看是否是归档方式
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alter system set log_archive_start=false scope=spfile; #禁用自动归档
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shutdown immediate;
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startup mount; #打开控制文件，不打开数据文件
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alter database noarchivelog; #将数据库切换为非归档模式
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alter database open; #将数据文件打开
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archive log list; #查看此时便处于非归档模式
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```
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## 开启归档
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```sql
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# 关闭oracle
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shutdown immediate;
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# 启动为mount状态
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startup mount
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# 更改为归档模式
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alter database archivelog
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# 更改数据库为‘打开’状态
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alter database open
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```
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## 查看归档日志使用情况
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```sql
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sqlplus / as sysdba
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select * from v$recovery_file_dest;
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select * from V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE;
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```
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## 按小时统计归档量
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```sql
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SELECT SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH:MI:SS'),1,5) Day,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'00',1,0)) H00,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'01',1,0)) H01,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'02',1,0)) H02,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'03',1,0)) H03,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'04',1,0)) H04,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'05',1,0)) H05,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'06',1,0)) H06,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'07',1,0)) H07,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'08',1,0)) H08,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'09',1,0)) H09,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'10',1,0)) H10,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'11',1,0)) H11,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'12',1,0)) H12,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'13',1,0)) H13,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'14',1,0)) H14,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'15',1,0)) H15,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'16',1,0)) H16,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'17',1,0)) H17,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'18',1,0)) H18,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'19',1,0)) H19,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'20',1,0)) H20,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'21',1,0)) H21,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'22',1,0)) H22,
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SUM(DECODE(SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH24:MI:SS'),10,2),'23',1,0)) H23,
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COUNT(*) TOTAL
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FROM v$log_history a
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WHERE first_time>=to_char(sysdate-11)
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GROUP BY SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH:MI:SS'),1,5)
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ORDER BY SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(first_time, 'MM/DD/RR HH:MI:SS'),1,5) DESC;
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```
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## 查询日志目录位置
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```sql
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show parameter recover;
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```
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## 计算fast_recovery_area已经占用的空间
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```sql
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select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
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```
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## 修改fast_recovery_aread的空间
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```sql
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ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=8g;
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```
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## rman登录
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```sql
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rman target /
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```
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## 删除过期归档日志
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```sql
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# 检查日志
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crosscheck archivelog all;
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# 删除提示
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delete expired archivelog all;
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# 无删除提示
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delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
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```
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## 删除所有的Archivelog files
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```sql
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delete archivelog all;
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```
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## 删除昨天以前的归档日志
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```sql
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# 无删除提示
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delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-1';
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# 强制删除昨天之前的日志
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delete force archivelog until time 'sysdate-1';
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# 无提示强制删除昨天之前的日志
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delete noprompt force archivelog until time 'sysdate -1';
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```
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# 备份
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## 列出备份信息
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```sql
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list backup;
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list backup summary;
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list backup of database;
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list backup of tablespace table_name;
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list backup of controlfile;
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list backup of spfile;
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list backupset id;
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```
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## 校验备份
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```sql
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crosscheck backup;
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crosscheck backup of database;
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crosscheck backup of tablespace system;
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crosscheck backup of controlfile;
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crosscheck backup of spfile;
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crosscheck backup of archivelog all;
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```
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## 删除陈旧备份
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```sql
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delete obsolete;
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delete noprompt obsolete;
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```
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## 删除所有expired的备份（包括归档日志、控制文件、备份聚）
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```sql
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delete expired backup;
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```
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## 删除所有备份
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```sql
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delete backup;
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```
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## 删除指定tag备份
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```sql
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delete backup tag xxx;
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```
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## 改为长期备份
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```sql
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change backupset id unavailable;
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change backupset id keep forever logs;
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change backupset id keep until time 'sysdate+30' logs;
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change backupset id nokeep;
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```
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## 改为基于时间的备份
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```sql
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configure retention policy to recovery window of 30 days;
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```
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# 其他
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## 显示rman配置
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```sql
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show all;
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```
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## 报告目标数据库的物理结构
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```sql
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report schema;
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```
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## 报告陈旧备份
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```sql
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report obsolete;
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```
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## 报告不可恢复的数据文件
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```sql
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report unrecoverable;
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```
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## 改为基于冗余数量的备份
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```sql
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configure retention policy to redundancy n ;
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```
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## 取消备份保留策略
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```sql
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configure retention policy to none;
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```
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